The Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance (DCAF) conducted research exploring the role of security sector reform (SSR) in addressing conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) and enhancing gender-based violence (GBV) responses. This research examines the intersection of security sector reform (SSR) and conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV), emphasising the importance of capacity-building in peacetime to address gender-based violence (GBV) and enhance responses to CRSV. The study highlights the need for localised, survivor-centered approaches and institutional changes to improve how security forces deal with sexual violence in conflict. It stresses that long-term, sustainable reforms are essential, focusing on the empowerment of survivors and ensuring that reforms are deeply embedded in both the security sector and local communities.

Efforts in both Mali and Ukraine illustrate the challenges and successes of SSR initiatives in the context of CRSV. In Mali, for example, the process of integrating gender considerations into security reforms faced significant barriers, including the lack of adequate training and the resistance of some stakeholders. However, there were notable advancements, particularly in raising awareness about sexual violence, that contributed to improving services for survivors. Similarly, Ukraine's reform efforts revealed the importance of building institutional capacity to address sexual violence and link it with broader justice systems.

The research also draws attention to the intersectionality of gender violence, recognising that the experiences of women are shaped by factors such as ethnicity, social status, and personal histories. As a result, SSR initiatives must go beyond simple awareness-raising to include measures that address the specific needs of different groups of survivors. This includes strengthening the capacity of local organisations to provide support and creating systems that allow survivors to access justice in a sensitive, survivor-centered manner.

Ultimately, the study calls for a comprehensive, integrated approach to SSR that not only focuses on improving the capacity of security forces to handle CRSV but also ensures that long-term reforms address the structural inequalities and cultural norms that enable gender-based violence. Through a combination of education, institutional reforms, and support for survivors, SSR can contribute to building more resilient and equitable societies in the aftermath of conflict.

For SecurityWomen, this study highlights the importance of advocating for gender-sensitive SSR reforms that promote women’s increased representation and leadership roles in the security sector. By addressing the structural barriers women face and ensuring that security sector reforms prioritise gender equality, the findings align with SecurityWomen’s mission to strengthen women’s participation and influence in the sector, ultimately creating more inclusive and effective security systems.

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